The objective of this article is to analyze the role of gender in maize productivity differences between women and men in Senegal. To do this, the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method was applied to a sample of 700 farming households. The results show that gender contributes significantly to productivity gaps. In particular, women are disadvantaged due to limited access to agricultural equipment and low participation in farmers' organizations, which deprives them of crucial resources, information, and opportunities to improve their yields. These constraints explain a significant portion of the observed gap and suggest the existence of persistent structural inequalities