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Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
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Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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P ≠ NP: A Conditional Proof from Operational Principles

Authors: Zelenka, David;

P ≠ NP: A Conditional Proof from Operational Principles

Abstract

We present a conditional but comprehensive argument that P≠NP follows from physically and mathematically unavoidable properties of computation. The argument rests on the Intrinsic Operational Gradient Axiom, which we justify through converging principles from information theory, thermodynamics, category theory, and empirical observation. While the proof is formally conditional on accepting this axiom, we demonstrate that the axiom emerges naturally from fundamental asymmetries in counting, irreversible physical constraints on computation, and universal patterns across all known computational systems. The resulting framework suggests that the separation between P and NP reflects not algorithmic limitations but fundamental structural properties of operational reality itself.

Keywords

FOS: Mathematics, Geometry, Mathematics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green