Ecosystem stability, agricultural production and human well-being are all supported by biodiversity; nevertheless, urbanisation, habitat loss and climate change are posing a growing danger to biodiversity worldwide. Rapid environmental change has a significant impact on pollinator populations and floral diversity in the Indo-Gangetic Plain as studied in Kanpur, Unnao and Lucknow, districts of Central Uttar Pradesh. The study of pollen in honey or melissopalynology, is highlighted in this chapter as an inventive and reasonably priced method of evaluating floral resources, pollinator behaviour and ecological changes. The results show a variety of pollen spectra, such as Coriandrum, Brassica, Ziziphus, Bombax, Acacia, Syzygium, Azadirachta, Malvaceae, Anacardiaceae, Ageratum, Asteroideae and Poaceae which reflect the different landscapes that support pollination and foraging services for bees. Through the integration of global and regional views, the chapter emphasises the interdependence of species and habitats, the ecological and socio-economic significance of pollinators, and the necessity of community-based beekeeping, habitat conservation, and pollinator-friendly methodologies. In Central Uttar Pradesh, melissopalynology is ultimately used as a scientific and useful technique for biodiversity monitoring and sustainable landscape management.