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Preprint . 2025
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Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
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ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Preprint . 2025
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Deterministic, Zero-Custody Machine-Audit Reproducibility of Bitcoin-Anchored Digital Audit Trails: A Double-Blind, HMAC- Randomized Validation Study Across a 7,239-File Multi-Entity Evidence Corpus

Authors: Telles, Fernando; Yang, Jacob; Hookey, Benjamin; Francis, Sam;

Deterministic, Zero-Custody Machine-Audit Reproducibility of Bitcoin-Anchored Digital Audit Trails: A Double-Blind, HMAC- Randomized Validation Study Across a 7,239-File Multi-Entity Evidence Corpus

Abstract

Digital audit trails remain vulnerable to content alteration, omission, and unverifiable reproduction. We evaluated AuditLog.AI’s reproducibility integrity using Sentinel QMS v4 under double-blind, HMAC-randomized challenge conditions. Across 21,717 evidence-file instances (7,239 unique files × 3 passes), the system demonstrated: • 100% dual-hash parity for all PASS baselines and positive controls, • 100% detection of 40/40 HMAC-seeded deletions, and • 0 false-positive mismatches on 21,677 untouched files. A blinded, dual-operator execution was performed under full screen recording, with pre-/post-audit states independently anchored to Bitcoin mainnet (OP_RETURN). Human Verification Time (HVT) totalled 5,258 seconds (≈87.6 min), equating to 0.24 seconds per file. These results provide the first cryptographically anchored, zero-custody demonstration of CRO-grade reproducibility across a multi-entity corpus. File: Sentinel_QMSv4_Reproducibility_Study_Ordinal14_Deterministic_HMAC-Randomized_Dual-Arm_Auditpdf___20251202T042726Z.pdf SHA-256: 708e3aee4277fcb1f72461ff7928ee0c29dd2e7825b2d23e5ffb0f25caa0ba5a RIPEMD-160: 35fc5a55cba8a76c10e19ec281554bc45a0b1819 TXID: fbecdbc1cbc597a2461d5cc99f8f6f238d6b26d9224d0bf8d237a9783d8faed2 Block: 926,099

Keywords

dual-hash reproducibility, Blockchain, GxP, Bitcoin anchoring, digital provenance, OP_RETURN, machine audit, deterministic audit, Reproducibility of Results, HMAC tamper challenge, Audit, OpenTimestamps, CRO compliance

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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