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The Gauge-Invariant Singlet Scalar Field and Its Higgs-Portal Coupling

Authors: Holland, John;

The Gauge-Invariant Singlet Scalar Field and Its Higgs-Portal Coupling

Abstract

The Gauge-Invariant Singlet Scalar Field and Its Higgs-Portal Coupling John Edward Holland1 1 Independent Researcher; Chartered Engineer (CEng MIMechE); Six-Sigma Master Black Belt; United Kingdom Email: john.holland@expansetension.orgORCID: 0009-0001-5120-8712© Copyright. 2025. John Holland. All rights reserved. Abstract We examine the theoretical consistency of a minimal extension of the Standard Model in which a real scalar field , singlet under all gauge interactions, couples to the Higgs doublet through a density-modulated Higgs-portal interaction. The scalar sector is defined by the most general renormalisable potential consistent with gauge invariance and a discrete symmetry, with the portal coupling rescaled by a dimensionless function of a coarse-grained macroscopic energy density . Treating as an external macroscopic parameter, we analyse the vacuum structure, boundedness-from-below conditions, perturbative unitarity, and loop stability of the model. For any fixed value of the modulation factor the theory reduces to the conventional singlet-Higgs extension with an effective portal coupling , and all stability and unitarity constraints follow the usual forms with this rescaling. The presence of introduces no new divergences, no non-renormalisable operators, and no modifications to the counterterm structure, ensuring that the model remains local, polynomial, and renormalisable at fixed . We conclude that a gauge-invariant singlet scalar with density-modulated Higgs-portal strength constitutes a theoretically coherent and perturbatively consistent extension of the Standard Model. Phenomenological implications of density variation are left to future work. Keywords: methods: analytical – elementary particles – particle physics – theory

Keywords

Scalar Fields, Coupling, density dependence, Singlet Scalar, Gauge Invariant, density modulation, Higgs doublet, Scalar

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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