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ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY NC SA
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY NC SA
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY NC SA
Data sources: Datacite
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Holistic Baryon Topology: Resolving the Proton Spin Crisis via Global Solitonic Constraints

Authors: Valdepenas, C;

Holistic Baryon Topology: Resolving the Proton Spin Crisis via Global Solitonic Constraints

Abstract

The "Proton Spin Crisis"—the experimental discovery that valence quarks contribute only about 30% to the proton's total spin—remains a significant challenge for the constituent quark model. Standard Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) attempts to resolve this by summing contributions from gluon polarization and orbital angular momentum, but lacks a unified geometric principle for this partition. Unified Field Dynamics (UFD) offers a topological resolution. We posit that the proton is not a composite bag of particles, but a single, continuous topological soliton with the topology of a Trefoil Knot (3_1) in the S^3 vacuum fibration. In this framework, "Spin" is identified as the global rotational homotopy class of the entire knot structure, not the arithmetic sum of its local curvature peaks (quarks). We demonstrate that the majority of the angular momentum is stored in the "flux tubes" (the topological strands connecting the crossings) rather than in the crossings themselves. By treating the baryon as a holistic geometric entity, UFD naturally explains why the spin is delocalized and why the "quark spin" is merely a fractional projection of the global topological invariant.

Keywords

Particle separator, Physics, Quantum physics, Particle physics, Solid particle, Nuclear physics, Particle, Elementary Particle Interactions, Beta Particles, Atomic physics, Mathematical physics, Particle Accelerators, Theoretical physics, Elementary Particles

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green