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Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Tareq Cyclic Spacetime Theory (TCST v2): An Entropy-Driven Model of Time and Cosmological Cycles

Authors: Siddique, MD Tareq;

Tareq Cyclic Spacetime Theory (TCST v2): An Entropy-Driven Model of Time and Cosmological Cycles

Abstract

The Tareq Cyclic Spacetime Theory (TCST v2) proposes a cosmological model where time emerges from entropy, rather than existing as a fundamental dimension. In this framework, the universe evolves through repeating cycles driven by the growth, saturation, and reset of cosmic entropy. TCST v2 modifies Einstein’s field equations by introducing an entropy–geometry coupling term that becomes dominant at late times, removing the need for dark energy or exotic dark matter. As entropy approaches a maximum, the flow of time slows and halts, leading to a final collapse inside the largest black hole, triggering a bounce and the birth of a new low-entropy universe. The theory predicts natural cosmic acceleration, black-hole-driven recycling, and a cyclic cosmological timeline fundamentally tied to thermodynamics. Email: siddique.tareq1@gmail.com

Keywords

Cyclic Universe, Black Hole Cosmology, Modified Gravity, Big Bounce, Spacetime Entropy, Black Hole Entropy, Cosmology Without Dark Matter, Cosmology Without Dark Energy, Alternative Cosmology, FRW Geometry, Entropy-Driven Expansion, Cosmic Acceleration, Universe Contraction, Hawking Evaporation, Spacetime Curvature,, Cyclic universe, entropy time, emergent time, modified gravity, black hole cosmology, entropy saturation, cosmological bounce, alternative to ΛCDM, no dark energy model, quantum gravity inspired cosmology, Tareq Cyclic Spacetime Theory, TCST v2

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green