Introduction: Portulaca oleraceacommon Purslane is an annual succulent in the family Portulacaceae. Objectives: The aim of this study was to overview therapeutic effects of Portulaca oleracea especially its Anti-inflammatory and muscle relaxant properties. Methods: This review article was carried out by searching studies in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and IranMedex databases .The initial search strategy identified about 73 references. In this study,58studies was accepted for further screening and met all our inclusion criteria [in English, full text, therapeutic effects of Portulaca oleracea and dated mainly from the year 1993 to 2016.The search terms were “Portulaca oleracea”, “therapeutic properties”, “pharmacological effects”. Result: while Portulaca oleraceais possesses lots of therapeutic effect, itsanti-inflammatory and muscle relaxant, antioxidant as well as antitumor activities was reviewed. An aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves and stems showed relaxant activity in a dose-dependent manner.The study of Phytochemistry of Portulaca oleracea was shown that this plant contain alkaloids other than its other chemical compoundsincluding oleracimine , oleracimine A , and oleraconeA,oleracone B , and β-carboline. These alkaloids are responsible for its anti-inflammatory effect.Postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors, inhibition of trans-membrane Ca influx, potassium ions, Ca2+ mobilization, and K+ ion contribute to the relaxant activity of the herb. Conclusion: Portulaca oleraceaiswas shown that its anti-inflammatory effect is mostly due to the presence of oleraconeA, oleracone B. Among its alkaloids compound i.e. oleracimine , oleracimine A , and oleracone A , oleracone B , β-carboline , the two first was diagnosed to be responsible for its anti-inflammatory effect. The relaxant activity of Portulaca oleraceais is due to Postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors, inhibition of trans-membrane Ca influx, potassium ions, Ca2+ mobilization, K+ ion.Portulaca also possesses some of the claimed traditional uses of the wild species in the relief of pain and inflammation. In this study Anti-inflammatory and muscle relaxantproperties of this plant are presented using published articles in scientific sites.