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World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Occipital Enthesophyte in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Report of two cases

Authors: Kuyukunu, Benit; Zaher, Soukaina; Nassar, Kawtar; Ridah, Wassima; Ajerouassi, Ahlam; Rachidi, Wafae; Janani, Saadia;

Occipital Enthesophyte in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Report of two cases

Abstract

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine, with enthesitis as its hallmark feature. While enthesitis commonly involves lower limb sites, cranial localizations, such as the external occipital protuberance, are exceptionally rare. We report two cases of young male patients with long-standing axSpA presenting with occipital enthesophytes. A 34-year-old male with juvenile-onset axSpA exhibited bilateral sacroiliitis, coxitis, and cervical stiffness. A 33-year-old male with chronic polyarthritis since adolescence showed advanced axial and peripheral structural damage. Cervical radiographs in both revealed an enthesophyte at the external occipital protuberance. Laboratory findings indicated elevated inflammatory markers, with HLA-B27 positivity in one patient. Treatment with TNF inhibitors (etanercept and golimumab) resulted in clinical improvement. These cases highlight the importance of comprehensive imaging to identify rare entheseal sites in axSpA, enabling tailored therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

Radiography, Occipital Enthesophyte, Rare Localization, Cervical Spine, Axial Spondyloarthritis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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