This dataset supplements the article in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology "B-cell peptide epitopes as diagnostic targets for Q fever in sheep" by Tamara Kozytska, Claudia Gerlach, Maxym Danchenko, Gabriela Flores-Ramirez, Hanka Brangscht, Heinrich Neubauer, Martin Pfeffer, Mathias W. Pletz, Ludovit Skultety, and Katja Mertens-Scholz.The dataset contains all additional tables and figures used in the study, including serum sample metadata, identified immunoreactive proteins, peptide selection data, peptide reactivity profiles and peptide combination performance. The materials confirm the identification of Coxiella burnetii B-cell epitope peptide antigens based on proteomics and review of the literature as well as the evaluation of peptide-based ELISA targets for diagnostics in sheep.This dataset is provided to ensure transparency, reproducibility, and open access to the underlying data used in the evaluation of peptide candidates for C. burnetii serology in sheep.