Raorchestes annandalii (Boulenger, 1906) Figures 45, 46; Tables 1, 2, S 12 Chresonymy. Ixalus annandalii Boulenger, 1906: 385. Ixalus annandalei — Annandale (1908): 305; incorrect spelling. Rhacophorus (Philautus) annandalii — Ahl (1931): 71. Philautus annandalii — Bourret (1942): 451; Gorham (1974): 166; Sarkar et al. (1992): 90; Dutta (1997): 74; Ahmed et al. (2009): 15, 147. Philautus (Philautus) annandalii — Bossuyt and Dubois (2001): 38. Pseudophilautus annandalii — Li et al. (2009): 519. Raorchestes annandalii — Subba et al. (2017): 4, 11; Frost (2025). Comments on taxonomic status. Boulenger (1906) described Raorchestes annandalii from Kurseong, Darjeeling (= Darjiling), West Bengal, India. Bossuyt and Dubois (2001) redescribed the lectotype (BMNH 1947.2. 26.58; female). We re-examined the lectotype at NHM, London and we collected topotypes from Darjeeling. We found the following exception in our collected specimens against the lectotype description by Bossuyt and Dubois (2001): 1) head longer than wide (vs. head length equal to width), snout length equal to eye length (vs. snout length greater than or equal to eye length); tibia longer than thigh (vs. tibia shorter than or equal to thigh). Based on new information, we provide a revised diagnosis and expanded description of this species. Material examined. Lectotype (BMNH 1947.2. 26.58; Fig. 45) collected by N. Annandale from Kurseong, Darjeeling (= Darjiling), West Bengal. Newly collected material. Four adult males (WII-ADA 521, WII-ADA 537, WII-ADA 548, WII-ADA 551) and three adult females (WII-ADA 520, WII-ADA 530 and WII-ADA 533) collected by NGP on 23 April 2018 from Ravangla (27.2879°N, 88.34717°E, elevation 1780 m a. s. l.), Namchi District, Sikkim; one adult male (WII-ADA 2721) and two adult females (WII-ADA 2716 and WII-ADA 2722) collected by NGP on 8 August 2022 near Rock Garden waterfall (27.02778°N, 88.22889°E, elevation 1500 m a. s. l.), Darjeeling District, West Bengal. Diagnosis. A small sized Raorchestes (Fig. 46), SVL 17.3–19.6 mm in adult males and SVL 18.9–21.6 mm in adult females; head length equal to head length; vomerine teeth absent; snout rounded to sub ovoid in dorsal view; snout slightly longer than eye length or equal to eye length (EL / SL = 0.82–1.03); snout length greater than or equal to inter-upper eyelid width (SL / IUE = 0.97–1.23); snout length greater than or equal to eye length (SL / EL = 0.96–1.15); nostrils equidistant between eye and snout tip or closer to eye than snout tip; nuptial pad present on first finger in males; dorsal skin on head and dorsum smooth or shagreened; scattered tubercles towards dorsum and flank; dark brown band on inter-upper eyelid space; a pair of concave dark brown stripes on dorsum; brown mottling and white flecks on ventrum. Description of a newly collected material (WII-ADA 2721). An adult male, small size, SVL 17.3 mm; head as long as wide (HL / HW = 0.98); snout rounded in dorsal view, protruding beyond lower jaw in lateral and ventral views; snout length slightly greater than eye length (EL / SL = 0.92); canthus rostralis rounded, oblique; loreal concave; narial region protruding; internarial distance slightly less than inter upper eyelid width (IN / IUE = 0.91) and greater than upper eyelid width (UEW / IN = 0.75); inter-upper eyelid space slightly convex; nostril oval, laterally positioned and obliquely oriented, equidistant between eye and snout tip; eye in moderate size, less than half of head length (EL / HL = 0.4), slightly greater than inter upper eyelid width (IUE / EL = 0.92); tympanum barely visible, rounded, one fourth of eye length (HTYD / EL = 0.25); supratympanic fold distinct; vomerine teeth absent; choanae round; tongue posteriorly wide and medially notched, posterior two lobes widely separated; pair of internal vocal sac opening on lower jaw; habitus dorso-ventrally flattened, length more than half of snout-vent length (AG / SVL = 0.52). Forelimbs slender; hand longer than forearm (FAL / HAL = 0.83); relative length fingers = I

Published as part of Boruah, Bitupan, Deepak, V. & Das, Abhijit, 2025, Revision of bush frogs, Raorchestes and Philautus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the northeast Indian biodiversity hotspot with description of thirteen new species, pp. 517-625 in Vertebrate Zoology 75 on pages 517-625, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e148133