Computational Thinking has emerged as an essential skill in Basic Education to address thechallenges of the 21st century, fostering abilities such as logical thinking, critical reasoning,and problem-solving. Its implementation in early grades prepares students for an increasinglytechnological job market, as highlighted by the World Economic Forum and the BrazilianComputing Society (SBC), which emphasize its importance beyond programming. This studyproposes a methodology for teaching Computational Thinking in the early years of ElementaryEducation, integrating Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and the use of Game Design Document(GDD) as pedagogical tools. The research is based on a systematic literature review, analysis ofofficial documents such as the BNCC and Resolutions CNE/CP 02/2017 and CNE/CP 04/2018,as well as theoretical foundations like Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology and neuroscientific evidenceon learning. Additionally, the author’s empirical experience contributed to the developmentof the proposed methodology. It is expected that the proposed methodology will support theteaching of Computational Thinking in public and private schools, fostering the developmentof essential skills for the comprehensive education of students.