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ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Rafael's Hypothesis on the Origin and Composition of 3I/ATLAS».

Authors: Rafael taiko;

Rafael's Hypothesis on the Origin and Composition of 3I/ATLAS».

Abstract

Межзвёздная комета 3I/ATLAS сформировалась в холодной внешней зоне протопланетного диска вокруг звезды типа M‑карлик. В таких условиях вода конденсируется в меньших количествах, тогда как угарный газ (CO) и углекислый газ (CO₂) замерзают и накапливаются вместе с пылью. В результате ядро кометы содержит повышенные концентрации CO и CO₂ при относительно низком содержании воды. Этот состав объясняет её раннюю активность, мощные выбросы и необычную структуру хвостов, включая анти‑хвосты. Гипотеза Рафаэля утверждает, что именно происхождение из холодной зоны системы M‑карлика определяет уникальные свойства 3I/ATLAS. The interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS originated in the cold outer region of a protoplanetary disk surrounding an M‑dwarf star. In such environments, water ice condenses in limited amounts, while carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) freeze and accumulate together with dust. As a result, the nucleus of 3I/ATLAS contains elevated concentrations of CO and CO₂, with relatively low water content compared to Solar System comets. This composition explains its early activity, strong outgassing, and unusual tail structures, including anti‑tails. Rafael’s hypothesis states that the origin in the cold zone of an M‑dwarf system determines the unique properties of 3I/ATLAS.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green