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Topological Density Landscapes: A Graph-Theoretic Foundation for Histograms

Authors: SÉRGIO DE ANDRADE, PAULO;

Topological Density Landscapes: A Graph-Theoretic Foundation for Histograms

Abstract

This paper introduces the concept of Topological Density Landscapes (TDLs) as a novel, robust alternative to traditional histograms for data density visualization and analysis. Standard histograms are highly sensitive to the choice of binning parameters, such as bin width and origin, which can obscure or misrepresent the underlying structure of the data. TDLs address this limitation by leveraging principles from graph theory and topological data analysis (TDA). We construct a graph from the data points, where vertices represent the data and edges encode proximity. A density function defined on the vertices of this graph creates a landscape whose topological features, such as connected components corresponding to data modes, are analyzed using persistent homology. This approach yields a multi-scale representation of the data's density structure that is invariant to arbitrary partitioning. We demonstrate through synthetic and real-world examples that TDLs provide a more stable and informative visualization, consistently identifying key distributional features like modality and clusters without the need for manual parameter tuning. The resulting framework offers a rigorous, graph-theoretic foundation for density estimation that overcomes the fundamental frailties of classical histogram methods.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green