speech production represents one of the most complex cognitive activities of the human brain, integrating conceptual, linguistic, and pragmatic processes within a unified neural framework. This paper explores the cognitive and pragmatic mechanisms underlying speech production from the standpoint of neurolinguistics. Drawing on classical models of speech processing (Levelt, Garrett, Dell) and recent neuroimaging findings (fMRI, EEG), the study outlines the hierarchical stages of language generation — conceptualization, formulation, and articulation — as well as their corresponding neural substrates in the Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, and prefrontal cortex. Pragmatic aspects such as communicative intention, contextual inference, and discourse planning are analyzed through the lens of theory of mind and executive control networks. The paper proposes an integrative cognitive–pragmatic model that accounts for how meaning is encoded, modified, and realized in real-time speech production. The findings highlight the interdisciplinary significance of combining cognitive linguistics, pragmatics, and neurolinguistics in understanding the neurocognitive architecture of language use.