Acicnemis squamata Lewis & Kojima sp. nov. Figs 1, 6S 1–6, 2, 30 Type material (Japan: 46). Holotype. Japan: Tokushima Prefecture: • Mt. Tsurugi, Awa, 2. VI. 1957, S. Ueno, JHL_ACITAI_068, dissected male, deposited in KUM. Paratypes. Japan: Aomori Prefecture: • Oyama-nagane, Nakadomari-machi, Kitatsugaru-gun, 7. VI. 2010, K. Morimoto (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_702; Fukui Prefecture: • Kinome-toge, 25. VI. 1982, K. Morimoto (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_065; Fukushima Prefecture: • Yunohana, south Aizu, 8. VIII. 1949, K. Nagayama (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_474; • Yunohana, south Aizu, 7. VI. 1981, Y. Kurosawa (1, NMNS), JHL_AREV_682; • Yunohana, south Aizu, 20. VII. 1974, Y. Kurosawa (2, NMNS), JHL_AREV_683; • Masuzawa Valley, Tateiwa-mura, 6. VI. 2005, K. Morimoto (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_698; • Odayama Mt., Monden V., Kita-Aizu, 22. VI. 1948, Y. Kurosawa (1 dissected male, NMNS), JHL_AREV_107; Gifu Prefecture: • unknown locality, 24. V. 1949 (1, NHMB), JHL_ACITAI_077; • Hinaga, 22. VII. 1946 (1, NHMB), JHL_ACITAI_078; • Hida, 1. VI. 1957, T. Nakane (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_472; • Kawai-Idani, Hida, 1–2. VI. 1957, T. Nakane (3, HUM), JHL_AREV_476 – JHL_AREV_478; Gunma Prefecture: • Osawa, Katashina, 5. VI. 1988, T. Shinbori (1, KPMNH), JHL_AREV_684; • Numata, 30. V. 1953, T. Takei (1, ZMH), ZMH 837203; • Hokkaido: Sapporo, “ Takano ” & H. Kono (2, HUM), JHL_AREV_462, JHL_AREV_465; • Rausu Shiretoko, 8. VII. 1958, T. Nakane (2, HUM), JHL_AREV_475; • Chitose, 1. VIII. 2011, J. Aoki (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_699; Ibaraki Prefecture: • Mt. Tsukuba, 11. VIII. 1989, M. J. Sharkey (2, CMNC), JHL_AREV_3000, JHL_AREV_3001; Ishikawa Prefecture: • Yamanaka, Kaga, 20. VII. 1910, T. Otsuka (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_463; Iwate Prefecture: • Shizukuishi, 7. VI. 2010, Aoki Junichi (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_072; Kanagawa Prefecture: • Kuno, Odawara, 8. VI. 2014, K. Watanabe (3, OIST), JHL_AREV_687 – JHL_AREV_689; • Mt. Ono, Yamakita, 10. V. 1988, N. Niwa, (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_771; • Kochi Prefecture: • Engyoji, 22. VII. 1952, Y. Wada (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_066; • Kumamoto Prefecture: • Mt. Hakucho, 14. V. 1983, M. Chujo (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_063; • Kyoto Prefecture: • Miyama, Kyoto University Research Forest, 31. V. 2010, Junichi Aoki (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_069 (GenBank accession number: PV 255643); Nagano Prefecture: • Kaida Highlands, Kiso, 5. IX. 2009, J. Aoki (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_696; • “ Noziri Hotel ”, 29. V. 1941, T. Nakane (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_471; Nara Prefecture: • Mt. Omine, 23. V. 1974, T. Hattori (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_467; Niigata Prefecture: • Mt. Yakemine, 3. VII. 1949, H. Koike (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_061; • Kurokawa, 28. V. 1955, K. Baba (1, ZMH), ZMH 837202; Okayama Prefecture: • Tsuki, Soja, 18. IV. 1976, T. Aono (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_469; Osaka Prefecture: • Minoh, 30. V. 1940, K. Taniguchi (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_470; Shizuoka Prefecture: • Kakegawa, Ijiri, 3. V. 2010, J. Aoki (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_073; • Kawanehon-machi, 28. VIII. 2009, J. Aoki (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_697; Tokushima Prefecture: • Mt. Tsurugi, 27. VII. 1961, M. T. Chujo (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_067; Tochigi Prefecture: • Nikko-shi, Chugushi, Ryuzuno-taki Fall, 19. VI. 2014, S. Yamamoto (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_076 (GenBank accession number: PV 255644); • Ashio, Funeishi-toge, 2. VII. 2006, K. Takahashi (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_701; • Tokyo Metropolis: Niijima Island, Mt. Mukoyama, 15. V. 1979, H. Fujita (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_071; • Kogezawa, “ 1954.5. 10 ” (1 dissected male, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_009; • Tokura, 6. VIII. 1950, S. Ueno (2, HUM), JHL_AREV_468; • Mt. Takao, 14. IV. 1985, A. Tanaka (1 dissected male, HUM), JHL_AREV_106; Wakayama Prefecture: • Mt. Kohya, VII. 1949, M. Hayashi (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_473; Yamagata Prefecture: • Yonezawa, 22. VI. 1948, Y. Kurosawa (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_464; • Naderayama, 23. V. 1943, Y. Kurosawa (1, NMNS), NSMT-I-C 07303; • Seki, near Yonezawa, 2. VII. 1944, Y. Kurosawa (1, NMNS), NSMT-I-C 07304; Yamanashi Prefecture: • Masutomi, 13–14. VI. 1970, H. Takizawa (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_466; • Masutomi, “ 10. VI. 2603 ” (1, NMNS), NSMT-I-C 07305; • Akeno, 6. VI. 2010, T. Shinbori (2, KPMNH), JHL_AREV_685, JHL_AREV_686; • Kami-yoshida, Fuji-yoshida city, 15. VII. 2024, J. H. Lewis (1, OIST), JHL_AREV_986. Diagnosis. Body length 3.0– 4.4 mm. Covered in pale yellow, white, gray, and black scales. Pronotum with central longitudinal band of dark gray to black scales, bordered laterally by pale brown scales. Elytra with first intervals alternating black (at base of scutellum) and yellow; second to sixth intervals gray in posterior 1 / 2 of elytra, humeri with yellow to pale scales; apical 1 / 2 of elytra with transverse white V-shaped band extending from first to fifth intervals; apex of elytra largely with pale to yellow scales. Pronotum lacking impunctate longitudinal midline (present in A. koguma). Scutellum covered in bright yellow to dull gray scales. Only odd elytral intervals with erect scales. Sclerolepidia numerous, dense, and nub-like, protruding laterally outward. Third tarsomeres emarginate. Apex of pedon with distinct sinuation and pointed (Fig. 6 S 1 – 2). Internal sac of aedeagus distinctly scaly in appearance, protruding, and not extending to midpoint of temo; anterior apex of internal sac ending in two scaly feather-like tips (Fig. 6 S 1 – 2). Distribution. This species is only known from mainland Japan, from Hokkaido south to Kyushu (Kumamoto Prefecture). Etymology. The specific name squamata is a reference to the diagnostic internal sac of the aedeagus which bears scaly patterning similar to snakeskin. Remarks. See A. palliata Remarks section for taxonomic history. Acicnemis squamata differs from A. palliata (= A. dorsonigrita) in size (A. squamata is 3.0– 4.4 mm in length whereas A. palliata is 6.1–7.0 mm in size), genitalia (A. squamata with internal sac of aedeagus scaly in appearance, protruding, and ending in two scaly featherlike tips; A. palliata without scaly internal sac, and with two protruding hook-like structures curved inwards at 90 °) and scutellum scaling (A. squamata with scutellum covered in scales; A. palliata with scutellum prominently bare along the dorsal surface). See also the dichotomous key below.

Published as part of Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki & Campbell, Erin O., 2025, A Japan-focused review of East Asian Acicnemis Fairmaire, 1849 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) reveals cryptic diversity in a well-studied region, pp. 103-167 in ZooKeys 1259 on pages 103-167, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1259.164450