According to the estimates of experts from the World Health Organization (WHO), “… every year 45–50 thousand children are born with cystic fibrosis worldwide, and the number of heterozygous carriers of the disease is tens of millions…” . “… in 65% of children, the first signs of the disease appear before the age of six months, in 80% before the age of one, and in 90% before the age of two…” . The increase in the incidence rate, the insufficient study of pathogenetic mechanisms, the specific features of the clinical course, and the emergence of severe complications of cystic fibrosis require scientific research on this nosology.