This database contains anonymized clinical, demographic, and outcome data from a multicenter randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial investigating the effects of bilateral anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with intensive speech–language therapy (SLT) on post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia. The dataset includes patient-level information on demographics, lesion characteristics (supratentorial/infratentorial), timing of intervention, treatment allocation (active/sham), and outcome measures collected at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks. These include the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS), the Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS), the Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (MASA), and the Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire (SWAL-QoL). The dataset supports the findings reported in the corresponding publication and enables secondary analyses of swallowing recovery trajectories, treatment responsiveness, and subgroup effects. All data have been fully anonymized in accordance with GDPR and ethical approval requirements.