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ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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A Comprehensive Review on the Formulation and Evaluation of Biphasic Herbal Pain Relief Sprays for Musculoskeletal Disorders

Authors: Pratik Kale*, Rohan Dhanve, Prasad Khande, Rushikesh Poke, Ram Gawanjal, Munjaji Dhawale, Ganesh Sapkal, Dr. K. R. Biyani;

A Comprehensive Review on the Formulation and Evaluation of Biphasic Herbal Pain Relief Sprays for Musculoskeletal Disorders

Abstract

The development of herbal-based topical formulations has gained immense attention due to their safety, biocompatibility, and therapeutic efficacy in pain management. This review focuses on the formulation and evaluation of biphasic herbal pain relief sprays intended for musculoskeletal disorders, particularly sports-related muscle strains. A biphasic system consists of two immiscible phases that enhance solubility and rapid drug absorption through the skin. Herbal components with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, when formulated in biphasic systems, exhibit improved permeability and prolonged action. The study discusses the mechanism of herbal pain relief, formulation design, evaluation techniques, and comparative analysis with synthetic analgesic sprays. The combination of modern formulation technology with traditional herbal pharmacology presents a promising approach for effective, safe, and sustainable pain management.

Keywords

Biphasic spray, Herbal formulation, Pain relief, Musculoskeletal strain, Evaluation

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citations
The total number of citations received by all articles of the researcher of interest.
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green