This repository contains three spatial datasets that were developed to support the assessment of ecosystem services in the communal lands of the municipality of Mondim de Basto in northern Portugal. The datasets provide information on land use, net primary production acquired from MODIS, as well as the spatial extent of communal lands (baldios) in the Municipality. This enables analysis of the importance of these lands in sustaining ecosystem services. Contents: Land Use 2023 (vector data): based on the official 2018 land use map provided by the Direção-Geral do Território (DGT). This dataset has been updated to reflect changes in land cover resulting from wildfires and afforestation between 2018 and 2023. Commons (Baldios) (vector data): Shapefile delineating the communal lands within Mondim de Basto that are managed collectively by local communities. Net Primary Production (NPP) 2023 (vector data): Spatial representation of vegetation productivity within the boundaries of the municipality of Mondim de Basto in 2023. The dataset provides an indicator of ecosystem functioning and biomass production.