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Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
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image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Documenting Post-Hoc XAI Systems: An Initial UML Approach for EU AI Act Compliance

Authors: Uetanabara, José Júnior;

Documenting Post-Hoc XAI Systems: An Initial UML Approach for EU AI Act Compliance

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained prominence in recent years, being widely applied in both academic and industrial contexts. Its popularization has raised several challenges, particularly the need to make AI models auditable. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) seeks to address this issue through methods that interpret the decisions of black-box models. Despite its progress, few studies integrate XAI into the software engineering cycle. At the same time, the European Union’s AI Act (Regulation 2024/1689) requires extensive documentation for high-risk systems, often resulting in hundreds of pages of reports. To bridge this gap, this work proposes An Initial UML Approach for EU AI Act Compliance, which unifies UML, XAI, and regulatory documentation practices. The approach introduces stereotypes, tagged values, and relationships for LIME, SHAP, ICE, and Ceteris-based explanations. By graphically representing critical XAI elements, it enhances traceability and auditability while providing partial coverage of the compliance requirements, serving as a structured complement to the mandatory textual documentation. The proposal is illustrated through a case study involving a breast cancer diagnosis system.

Keywords

Explainable Artificial Intelligence, SHAP, ICE, Software Engineering, LIME, UML XAI, Ceteris Profiles, EU AI ACT

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    popularity
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
Cancer Research