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PRH | Aux | 4.3 • A Lyapunov Certificate for the Accelerated Collatz Map

Backward Spectra with Blur
Authors: Perisic, Aleksandar;

PRH | Aux | 4.3 • A Lyapunov Certificate for the Accelerated Collatz Map

Abstract

We present a finite Lyapunov certificate for the accelerated Collatz map that remains valid under an explicit "blur" budget. Fix $k \geq 1$ and let $S=\left\{1,3, \ldots, 2^k-1\right\}$ be the odd residues modulo $2^k\left(|S|=2^{k-1}\right)$. Define $F_k(r) \equiv \operatorname{odd}(3 r+1)\left(\bmod 2^k\right)$. We exhibit a function $\phi: S \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ and parameters $\delta>0, \rho \geq 0$ with $\rho+\delta<\log (4 / 3)$ such that the $2^{k-1}$ difference constraints $$\log 3-\mathrm{v}_2(3 r+1) \log 2+\rho+\phi\left(F_k(r)\right) \leq \phi(r)-\delta \quad\left(\forall r \in S \backslash\left\{r^*\right\}\right)$$ and $$\log 3-k \log 2+\rho+\phi\left(F_k\left(r^*\right)\right) \leq \phi\left(r^*\right)-\delta$$ hold, where $r^*$ is the unique odd class with $3 r^*+1 \equiv 0\left(\bmod 2^k\right)$. For the integer trajectory $N \mapsto F^{\sharp}(N)=\operatorname{odd}(3 N+1)$, this yields the drift inequality $$\log N_{t+1}+\phi\left(\operatorname{odd}\left(N_{t+1}\right) \bmod 2^k\right) \leq \log N_t+\phi\left(\operatorname{odd}\left(N_t\right) \bmod 2^k\right)-\left(\delta+\rho-\varepsilon\left(N_t\right)\right),$$ with $\varepsilon\left(N_t\right)=\log \left(1+1 /\left(3 N_t\right)\right)$. Telescoping drives odd values below a scale threshold; in general a finite bottom-range check then suffices to force a hit to 1 . For our verified instance, the per-step drift is already positive for every odd $N \geq 3$, so no bottom-range check is needed. The verification uses interval arithmetic and we explicitly run the checker with the strong flag --force-exceptional, which enforces the conservative weight $a\left(r^*\right)=\log 3-k \log 2$ on the exceptional residue.

Keywords

FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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