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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Sentido estocástico en el sistema curricular de educación primaria en el Perú

Authors: Zelarayan Adauto, Marisol Edith; Chirinos Maldonado, Daniel Marcos; Gálvez Morales, Lourdes;

Sentido estocástico en el sistema curricular de educación primaria en el Perú

Abstract

Resumen El sentido estocástico, definido como la capacidad para razonar frente a la incertidumbre y la variabilidad, es un componente clave en la educación matemática actual, especialmente en la formación primaria. Su incorporación en el currículo peruano responde a la necesidad de preparar a los estudiantes para tomar decisiones en situaciones cotidianas con incertidumbre. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la organización matemática y didáctica del sentido estocástico en los textos escolares de 5º y 6º grado de educación primaria, así como identificar las transformaciones del conocimiento estocástico en la transposición didáctica. Se empleó un enfoque mixto, con predominancia cualitativa, utilizando el modelo praxeológico para identificar las tareas, técnicas, tecnologías y teorías presentes en los textos oficiales. Complementariamente, se realizó un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo sobre la distribución y complejidad de las tareas. La muestra incluyó 28 tareas relacionadas con probabilidad, mayormente enfocadas en comparaciones cualitativas y de baja exigencia cognitiva. Los resultados mostraron una fragmentación del sentido estocástico, con predominancia de tareas estructuradas y escasa fundamentación teórica que apoye las prácticas docentes. Además, se evidenciaron limitaciones en la autenticidad, diversidad contextual y desarrollo conceptual, ya que las tareas se concentraron en contextos personales sin abordar nociones avanzadas como inferencia estadística o modelización estocástica. En conclusión, la organización didáctica del sentido estocástico es parcial e insuficiente, por lo que se recomienda su revisión para incluir tareas auténticas, mayor diversidad de contextos y coherencia teórica que favorezcan un desarrollo más integral del pensamiento probabilístico en la educación primaria.

Abstract Stochastic reasoning, defined as the ability to reason in the face of uncertainty and variability, is a key component of current mathematics education, especially in primary education. Its incorporation into the Peruvian curriculum responds to the need to prepare students for decision-making in everyday situations involving uncertainty. This study aimed to analyze the mathematical and didactic organization of stochastic reasoning in fifth- and sixth-grade primary education textbooks, as well as to identify the transformations of stochastic knowledge in didactic transposition. A mixed approach, predominantly qualitative, was employed, using the praxeological model to identify the tasks, techniques, technologies, and theories present in official textbooks. Additionally, a descriptive quantitative analysis was conducted on the distribution and complexity of the tasks. The sample included 28 probability-related tasks, mostly focused on qualitative comparisons and of low cognitive demand. The results showed a fragmentation of the stochastic meaning, with a predominance of structured tasks and little theoretical foundation to support teaching practices. Furthermore, limitations in authenticity, contextual diversity, and conceptual development were evident, as the tasks focused on personal contexts without addressing advanced concepts such as statistical inference or stochastic modeling. In conclusion, the didactic organization of the stochastic meaning is partial and insufficient. Therefore, its revision is recommended to include authentic tasks, a greater diversity of contexts, and theoretical coherence that favor a more comprehensive development of probabilistic thinking in primary education.

Keywords

praxeología matemática, transposición didáctica, educación primaria, primary education, stochastic meaning, didactic transposition, sentido estocástico, mathematical praxeology

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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