This article explores the critical role of aerospace electrical systems in mitigating global climate change through the decarbonization of aviation and space travel. It examines how advancements in electric and hybrid-electric propulsion technologies can significantly reduce the environmental footprint of the aerospace industry, which currently contributes substantially to global carbon emissions. The article analyzes the technical, infrastructural, regulatory, and economic challenges hindering full electrification while highlighting promising developments in energy storage, power electronics, and thermal management systems. Through article methodology incorporating life cycle analysis and technological readiness evaluations, the study compares conventional and electrical propulsion systems across different operational profiles and market segments. The article presents case studies of successful implementations, projects market penetration trajectories, and offers policy recommendations to accelerate industry transition. Additionally, it explores synergies between aerospace electrical systems and broader sustainable energy ecosystems, concluding with a long-term vision for zero-emission aerospace transportation that integrates multiple technological pathways across different operational domains.