Logical thinking is essential for decision-making, problem-solving, and academic achievement. This article examines the many characteristics of logical thinking in school-age students. It examines theoretical foundations, barriers to the development of logical thinking, age-appropriate teaching strategies, their global implementation, and the role of educational policy. It also suggests a framework for integrating logical thinking into national curricula and identifies areas for future research. Developing logical thinking in education is essential to preparing students for the 21st century.