The study's purpose is to assess how historical, social, political, and global governance factors influenced the development and evolution of Vietnam’s land policies. The methodology includes comparative legal research, case study analysis, and document review. According to the study, Vietnam’s land legislation has undergone significant modifications in order to globalisation and market-driven policies. However, difficulties still exist in balancing the protection of land users’ rights with governmental authority. The study highlights the flaws of the current legal system, particularly those pertaining to land use rights, transparency, and land user compensation. According to the findings, although land law reforms have promoted economic growth, they have also resulted in socioeconomic inequality, especially in rural regions, because farmers’ interests have not been adequately protected. To increase land management systems' effectiveness and give priority to the rights of land users, the research recommends changing the legislation.