Unemployment Insurance (UI) has been implemented in Vietnam since 2009. Over 16 years, UI has attracted more than 16 million participants. During the COVID-19 pandemic, over 1.087 million people received unemployment insurance benefits, helping to alleviate part of the social burden, ensure stability, and help workers overcome difficulties. Unemployment insurance plays an increasingly important role in the lives of the Vietnamese people. Unemployment insurance policies contribute to preventing and overcoming unemployment and create many job opportunities for them in the future. However, the state management of UI is still not very effective, which requires research to propose solutions to improve and enhance the quality of management and policy implementation. Through qualitative analysis, this article will focus on assessing the current situation in unemployment insurance management in Vietnam to recommend solutions.