Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
versions View all 7 versions
addClaim

Temporal Energy: An Extension of Classical Gravity and Nuclear Interaction Theory

Authors: Lemeshko, Andriy;

Temporal Energy: An Extension of Classical Gravity and Nuclear Interaction Theory

Abstract

Abstract This paper proposes a unified model of fundamental interactions based on the redistribution of temporal energy — a physical property associated with matter’s progression through time. The model interprets gravity and nuclear forces as manifestations of temporal gradients, offering an alternative to classical descriptions in General Relativity and Quantum Chromodynamics. Temporal caverns, regions of slowed time flow, are shown to influence both gravitational attraction and nuclear binding. Analytical comparisons with Newtonian gravity and Yukawa potential confirm the numerical consistency of the model. The concept integrates relativistic and quantum effects into a single framework and suggests experimental directions involving gravitational waves, neutrino oscillations, and hadronic structure. Potential applications span cosmology, astrophysics, and quantum field theory. Keywords temporal energy; gravity; nuclear forces; temporal gradient; temporal cavern; time redistribution; general relativity; quantum chromodynamics; Yukawa potential; unified interaction model TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION1.1 Fundamental Interactions in Physics1.2 The Concept of Temporal Energy1.3 Objectives and Novelty of the Proposed Model 2. TEMPORAL ENERGY AND ITS ANALOGY WITH RIVER FLOW2.1 Defining Temporal Energy2.2 Temporal Caverns: Regions of Altered Temporal Flow2.3 The River Flow Analogy2.4 Physical Interpretation of Temporal Streams 3. CONNECTION WITH MODERN PHYSICS3.1 Analogy with 4-Momentum in General Relativity3.2 Temporal Energy as Extension of Relativistic Momentum3.3 Gravitational Time Dilation and Temporal Energy Redistribution3.4 Schwarzschild Metric Interpretation 4. TEMPORAL GRADIENT AND MATTER MOTION4.1 Definition of Temporal Gradient (∇T)4.2 Temporal Gradient as Source of Gravitational Effects4.3 Mathematical Formulation4.4 Comparison with Fluid Dynamics Analogies 5. FORMALISM OF TEMPORAL ENERGY REDISTRIBUTION5.1 Theoretical Framework5.2 Key Equations and Coefficients5.3 Relationship with Spacetime Metric5.4 Covariant Formulation 6. TEMPORAL CAVERNS AND GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS6.1 Formation and Properties of Temporal Caverns6.2 Mathematical Description of Temporal Wells6.3 Gravitational Effects from Temporal Gradients6.4 Energy Concentration in Cavern Regions 7. GRAVITATIONAL CALCULATIONS: CLASSICAL VS TEMPORAL APPROACH7.1 Classical Newtonian Calculation (Earth)7.2 Temporal Gradient Approach7.3 Comparative Analysis7.4 Parameter η and Its Physical Significance 8. NUCLEAR FORCES AND TEMPORAL CAVERNS8.1 Traditional Nuclear Force Description8.2 Temporal Interpretation of Strong Interactions8.3 Yukawa Potential in Temporal Framework8.4 Quantum Confinement and Temporal Gradients 9. NUCLEAR FORCE CALCULATIONS: CLASSICAL VS TEMPORAL APPROACH9.1 Classical Yukawa Potential Calculation (Uranium)9.2 Temporal Gradient Method9.3 Force Comparison and Validation9.4 Binding Energy Considerations 10. UNIFIED INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS10.1 Unified Mechanism for Fundamental Interactions10.2 Mathematical Consistency with Established Theories10.3 Physical Interpretation of Temporal Energy10.4 Experimental Perspectives and Future Research10.5 Potential Applications in Cosmology and Astrophysics REFERENCES APPENDICESAppendix A: Mathematical DerivationsAppendix B: Parameter CalculationsAppendix C: Comparison with Alternative TheoriesAppendix D: Analytical Commentary and Development Priorities

Keywords

General Relativity, Spacetime, Nuclear Forces, Gravity, Fundamental Interactions, Temporal Caverns, Temporal Energy, Quantum Mechanics

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green