Problem Solving the Universe: A DMAICR Framework Applied to Cosmology This document applies the DMAICR problem-solving methodology — Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, Control, Replicate — to the deepest unresolved questions in cosmology. For nearly a century, phenomena such as galaxy rotation anomalies, gravitational lensing discrepancies, late-time cosmic acceleration, the Hubble tension, neutron star glitches, and void physics have resisted explanation, despite tens of billions invested globally in dark matter, dark energy, and related constructs. The report begins by framing these anomalies as a problem statement: observational evidence consistently departs from predictions, but only in certain conditions. Through Define, Measure, and Analyse, a unifying pattern emerges — all anomalies cluster at specific density thresholds, while high-density regimes remain fully consistent with General Relativity. This recognition reframes cosmology not as a collection of independent puzzles, but as a single, structured problem. The Improve phase develops a principled resolution: a framework built from first principles that naturally explains galaxy rotation curves, late-time acceleration, void lensing, neutron star behaviour, and other anomalies without exotic particles, ad hoc fields, or mathematical patches. The Control and Replicate phases provide a catalogue of falsifiers and observational tests, ensuring the proposal remains strictly scientific, transparent, and testable. Supporting materials include: A cost analysis (1929–2025) showing ~$25–34B invested to date in unresolved anomalies (act./est. split across facilities, telescopes, space missions, and colliders). A comparison table contrasting ΛCDM, MOND, PEM, and the new framework on predictive scope, unifying power, and falsifiability. A science spring-clean cataloguing legacy constructs rendered unnecessary: dark matter, dark energy, quintessence, phantom fields, inflaton, spacetime singularities, and more. The report does not present another patch or speculative hypothesis. It is a problem-solving dossier: a disciplined pathway from anomaly recognition to unified resolution, based on evidence, first principles, and falsifiable predictions.