Silver (Ag) composites are widely studied for their exceptional electrical, thermal, and mechanical performance, making them ideal for applications such as electronics, structural components, and flexible devices. This review provides a detailed theoretical discussion of Ag composites, including polymer matrix composites (PMCs), metal matrix composites (MMCs), and ceramic composites. Factors influencing mechanical and thermal properties, such as particle dispersion, interfacial bonding, particle size, matrix type, and filler content, are analyzed. Hybrid fillers, multiscale modeling, and temperature-dependent effects are also reviewed. The aim is to guide future research toward high-performance multifunctional Ag composites, emphasizing sustainable synthesis, biocompatibility, and computational modeling.