Language: Serbian (ijekavica, Latin script) This research paper analyses the role of coal in the energy transition and the process of EU accession in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It examines the legal, economic, and environmental challenges of reducing coal dependency, as well as the opportunities for sustainable energy development. The study uses a combination of literature review and case analysis to evaluate realistic timelines for coal utilization and the impact of European integration policies. Findings indicate that energy transition is feasible without compromising energy security if supported by social justice, economic compensation, and technological modernization.

This is a revised and extended version of the previous preprint (Version 1). The paper has been translated into English, modified with additional analysis, and updated conclusions. This version was prepared for journal submission and includes a stronger emphasis on the social aspects of the energy transition in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia.

The paper contributes to the understanding of energy policy strategies in the Western Balkans and offers recommendations for decision-makers.

The PDF includes 13 pages with abstract, methodology, analysis, conclusions, and references

Original version of the paper is in Serbian (ijekavica, Latin script).