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ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Three Versions of Schrödinger's Cat: Are Atoms of the Same Element Identical?

Authors: zhang, dong;

Three Versions of Schrödinger's Cat: Are Atoms of the Same Element Identical?

Abstract

This preprint advances the claim that atoms of the same isotope are not strictly identical: differences in nuclear microstructure and history make their decay behavior discretely individual. I revisit Schrödinger’s tiny-sample setup, Einstein’s framing, and the popular single-atom retelling. The first two can be viewed as ensembles—multiples of the third—and the single-atom lens makes the initial-time issue explicit: starting today versus starting tomorrow selects different points along an ongoing, irreversible process; swapping in and out of a box does not reset the process. Hence, the familiar “50% in one hour” probability is personal (i.e., time-dependent)—a modeling choice tied to the chosen t0, not a physically grounded restart condition. I develop a discrete, AI-inspired logic to formalize these points and discuss implications for interpretation, measurement, and practical heuristics (e.g., fusion).

Keywords

initial condition, Schrödinger's cat, one-atom, machine logic, atomic non-identity, discrete, time dependence, single-atom, radioactive decay, AI logic

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average