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ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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The New Currency of Conflict: Advanced War Entrepreneurship and Compromised Morality in the Middle East and Africa

Authors: Jimmy, U.J;

The New Currency of Conflict: Advanced War Entrepreneurship and Compromised Morality in the Middle East and Africa

Abstract

This study employs a qualitative, desk-based research design to conduct a systematic content analysis of the relationship between illicit economies, private military forces, and ethical degradation in conflict. Drawing on a diverse range of secondary data—including scholarly literature, organizational reports, and media analyses—the study explores how contemporary conflict has evolved into a self-sustaining business model termed "advanced war entrepreneurship." The analysis is structured to identify, categorize, and synthesize key findings across three core themes: the role of illicit economies (e.g., oil bunkering, conflict minerals) as the financial engine of conflict; the privatization of violence through Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and other non-state actors; and the subsequent erosion of ethical norms and international law, or "compromised morality." Findings demonstrate that conflict is no longer a political event with economic consequences, but rather a profitable enterprise where the pursuit of financial gain drives violence and human rights abuses. The study concludes that this business model not only perpetuates conflict but also systematically undermines international legal frameworks, creating a climate of impunity that ensures its continuation.

Keywords

Compromised Morality, Conflict, Middle East, Africa, Advanced War Entrepreneurship, UKR Journal of Economics, Business and Management (UKRJEBM), New Currency

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green