
El uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el poder judicial está transformando la forma en que se analizan, procesan y resuelven los distintos casos legales. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar una visión integral de las tecnologías de IA que actualmente apoyan la toma de decisiones judiciales. A través de una revisión sistemática basada en los lineamientos de la metodología PRISMA, se seleccionaron y analizaron 115 estudios relevantes publicados en los últimos cinco años. Los resultados evidencian que la implementación de tecnologías como el procesamiento de lenguaje natural (NLP), el aprendizaje automático (ML), el aprendizaje profundo (DL) y los modelos de lenguaje de gran escala (LLM) facilita tareas como la predicción de sentencias y el análisis jurisprudencial, contribuyendo a una toma de decisiones más informada. Finalmente, se presentan algunos marcos regulatorios internacionales que delimitan y orientan el uso de estas herramientas tecnológicas en el ámbito judicial.
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the judiciary is progressively transforming the way legal cases are analyzed, processed, and resolved. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of AI technologies currently supporting judicial decision-making. Through a systematic review based on the PRISMA methodology, 115 relevant studies published over the past five years were selected and analyzed. The findings show that the implementation of technologies such as natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and large language models (LLMs) facilitates tasks such as sentence prediction and jurisprudential analysis, thereby contributing to more informed judicial decisions. Finally, several international regulatory frameworks are presented that define and guide the use of these technological tools in the judicial domain.
Artificial intelligence, decisiones judiciales, automated judicial systems, sistemas judiciales automatizados, law, derecho, judicial decision-making, Inteligencia artificial
Artificial intelligence, decisiones judiciales, automated judicial systems, sistemas judiciales automatizados, law, derecho, judicial decision-making, Inteligencia artificial
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