
🔹 Résumé (FR) Cet article analyse la mutation doctrinale des armées sahéliennes face à l’insécurité chronique et à la recomposition des alliances internationales. Trois dynamiques structurantes sont identifiées : la réduction de la dépendance extérieure par une diversification des partenariats et un développement embryonnaire de l’industrie de défense ; l’adoption de nouvelles doctrines centrées sur l’asymétrie et l’interdomaines ; et l’intégration civilo-militaire visant à renforcer la résilience sociale. Ces évolutions traduisent une volonté d’autonomie stratégique, où la sécurité régionale est pensée et façonnée par les États sahéliens eux-mêmes, au-delà de la dépendance aux anciennes puissances extérieures. 🔹 Abstract (EN) This article examines the doctrinal transformation of Sahelian armed forces in response to chronic insecurity and the reconfiguration of international alliances. Three main dynamics are highlighted: reducing external dependency through diversified partnerships and the emergence of a nascent defense industry; adopting new doctrines focused on asymmetry and multi-domain operations; and fostering civil-military integration to enhance social resilience. These shifts reflect a clear pursuit of strategic autonomy, in which regional security is increasingly shaped and defined by Sahelian states themselves, rather than imposed by former external powers. 🔹 Keywords FR : Sahel, doctrines de défense, autonomie stratégique, guerre asymétrique, interdomaines, civilo-militaireEN : Sahel, defense doctrines, strategic autonomy, asymmetric warfare, multi-domain, civil-military integration
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