
Résumé (FR)Depuis le retrait des forces occidentales (Barkhane, Takuba, MINUSMA), les armées sahéliennes affrontent un double défi : contenir des acteurs armés enracinés et affirmer une souveraineté militaire autonome. Loin du récit d’un « vide sécuritaire », ce brief met en évidence des performances en progression (intégration de drones, artillerie modernisée, GTIA), une réorganisation territoriale centrée sur les corridors économiques vitaux et des gains doctrinaux liés à l’endogénéisation de la défense, aux alliances régionales et à la guerre cognitive. En projection 2025–2030, il esquisse un Sahel pôle sécuritaire émergent, à condition d’ancrer une doctrine commune, d’investir dans les technologies de souveraineté (drones, cyber, spatial) et d’institutionnaliser la coopération opérationnelle inter-États. Abstract (EN)Following the drawdown of Western forces (Barkhane, Takuba, MINUSMA), Sahelian armed forces face a dual challenge: containing entrenched armed groups while asserting autonomous military sovereignty. Contrary to the dominant “security vacuum” narrative, this brief highlights improving operational performance (UAS integration, modernized artillery, combined-arms battle groups), a territorial reorganization around vital economic corridors, and doctrinal gains driven by defense endogenization, regional alliances, and cognitive warfare. Looking ahead to 2025–2030, it outlines a Sahelian emergent security pole, contingent on a shared doctrine, investments in sovereignty technologies (UAS, cyber, space), and institutionalized inter-state operational cooperation. Mots-clés (FR)Sahel ; Résilience ; Souveraineté militaire ; GTIA ; Drones ; Corridors économiques ; Coopération régionale ; Guerre cognitive Keywords (EN)Sahel ; Resilience ; Military sovereignty ; Combined-arms groups ; Drones/UAS ; Economic corridors ; Regional cooperation ; Cognitive warfare
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