Modern physics remains divided across four foundational frameworks: General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Thermodynamics, and Information Theory. Each captures essential aspects of nature, yet none provides a universal principle reconciling geometry, indeterminacy, dissipation, and organization. The Universal Functional Coherence Theory (UFCT) addresses this gap by introducing functional coherence (χ) as an ontological variable with canonical dimension T⁻². Its evolution is governed by two complementary equations: a dynamic law, formulated as a nonlinear diffusion–dissipation equation (∂tχ + ∇·(−Dχ∇χ) = −κ·Dχ·ψ·χ²), which ensures irreversibility and establishes the arrow of time; and an equilibrium law (χ_eq = (αℛ + βη)/ψ), which defines the structural attractor toward which all evolution converges. Together, these laws secure dimensional closure (all terms scale as T⁻³) and establish a teleodynamic ontology: time as irreversible dissipation and space as stabilized equilibrium. From this structure emerge universal invariants — κ ≈ 0.17, the dissipation constant confirmed in quantum annealers and random quantum circuits; d_f ≈ 4.125, a fractal dimension of large- scale cosmic structure; and Ξ₀, the ontological pixel representing the minimal quantum of execution of reality. These invariants provide falsifiable signatures across quantum, condensed matter, and cosmological domains. By recovering established theories in appropriate limits and yielding novel, testable predictions, UFCT positions itself as a rigorous and unifying framework for the fundamental laws of physics.