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Preprint . 2025
License: CC 0
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC 0
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2025
License: CC 0
Data sources: Datacite
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The Z3 Center Symmetry: Arithmetic Lattices, Automorphic Spectral Triples and QCD

Authors: Kokuno, Yumeto; Miroku, Akagi; Maya, Sakuyah;

The Z3 Center Symmetry: Arithmetic Lattices, Automorphic Spectral Triples and QCD

Abstract

This work introduces a framework for a Z3 center symmetry theory, linking arithmetic number theory, geometric representation theory, and noncommutative geometry to describe confining SU(3) gauge theories, such as QCD. It proposes that a Z3 symmetry necessitates two distinct, conjugate "twists", which are realized arithmetically through the factorization of Dedekind zeta functions into Dirichlet L-functions, and geometrically through the decomposition of the automorphic category for SU(3). This structure is then translated into an operator algebraic formalism, defining an algebra of observables generated by ’t Hooft-Wilson loop operators, and shown to decompose into superselection sectors corresponding to different N-alities. The physical implications are explored, detailing the internal structure and fusion rules of chromoelectric flux tubes, and demonstrating the spectral equivalence of vortex and anti-vortex states due to a charge conjugation symmetry. It further establishes a connection between Casimir scaling and the analytic invariants of L-functions, and constructs a spectral triple, where the Dirac operator's spectrum is defined by the zeros of these L-functions, to provide a potential non-perturbative description of Z3 theories and a generalization to SU(N) gauge theories.

Keywords

Cyclic Cubic Number Fields, Fusion Rules, von Neumann Algebras, Chromoelectric Flux Tubes, Automorphic Category, Moduli Stack of G-bundles, Weil Explicit Formula, Hecke Operators / Eigensheaves, Yang-Mills Mass Gap, Charge Conjugation Symmetry, Number Theory, Geometric Langlands Program, L-functions (Dirichlet and Dedekind), Braided Tensor Category, Geometric Satake Equivalence, 't Hooft-Wilson Loops, Representation Theory, String Tension, Tomita-Takesaki Modular Theory, Spectral Action Principle, Spectral Triple, Topological Superselection Sectors, Quantum field theory, Algebraic geometry, N-ality, Noncommutative Geometry, Arithmetic Lattices, Mathematical physics, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), Casimir Scaling, Theoretical physics, Bost-Connes System, Center Vortices, Confinement

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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