
This work presents a method for generating and refining a knowledge graph (KG) from a historically significant 20th-century marine biology text. The source, a foundational ecological survey, was digitized using OCR and processed for semantic consistency. Knowledge extraction was performed with GraphRAG and the GPT-4o-mini model, producing an initial KG with verbose and inconsistent relationships. To improve clarity and alignment with semantic web standards, a two-step refinement process was applied, combining automated tuning and prompt engineering. The result was a set of concise, RDF-style predicates suitable for querying and integration with ontological frameworks. The refined KG is accessible via a public platform supporting multilingual natural language queries, enabling broader use of historical ecological data. This approach highlights the potential of AI-assisted pipelines to transform legacy scientific texts into semantically structured, interoperable resources for biodiversity research.
Large Language Models, Open Knowledge Graphs, GraphRAG, Natural Language Queries, Digital Knowledge Preservation
Large Language Models, Open Knowledge Graphs, GraphRAG, Natural Language Queries, Digital Knowledge Preservation
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