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Conference object . 2025
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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Prompting or Fine-tuning? Evaluating Relation Classification in Portuguese for Knowledge Graph Construction

Authors: Pinto, Tomás; Ferreira, Bruno; Silva, Catarina; Gonçalo Oliveira, Hugo;

Prompting or Fine-tuning? Evaluating Relation Classification in Portuguese for Knowledge Graph Construction

Abstract

This paper explores relation classification as a step toward building structured knowledge graphs from unstructured Portuguese text. We evaluate prompt-based approaches using generative large language models and compare them with a fine-tuned BERT model. Experiments are conducted on a custom relation extraction dataset built by aligning Wikidata triples with sentences from Wikipedia in Portuguese, a lower-resourced language than English. Results show that while prompt-based methods offer flexibility and reasonable performance, fine-tuning yields significantly better results in identifying relation types, an essential aspect for accurate and reliable knowledge graph construction.

Keywords

Relation Classification, Large Language Models, Prompting Strategies, Knowledge Graph Construction, Fine-Tuning

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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