This paper examines the political thought of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and frames him within thecontours of the reform movements in early 19th-century colonial India. It follows the way he usedboth Indian spiritual culture and the western enlightenment ideas to form a liberalistic vision thatendorsed constitutional government, civil rights, empowerment of women, and religious peace. Theinterests of Roy in social reforms, an action that is clearly seen in his participation in the abolition ofsati and urging women to be educated were closely linked to his political awakening ideology thatsocial reform was the steppingstone to political awakening. His views against the censorship of thepress, on the need to have an informed opinion among the masses and the encouragement of modernstudies were the results of a belief in him that only political liberty based on the responsibility of thepeople was possible. This philosophy of Roy was not some kind of adaptation of European ideasinstead; it was a unique Indian insight into liberalism. His work still has useful contributions to today’sdiscussions on democracy, diversity and individual rights.