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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Yang–Mills Existence and Mass Gap in Four Dimensions: Important hints and clues

Authors: de ceuster, peter;

Yang–Mills Existence and Mass Gap in Four Dimensions: Important hints and clues

Abstract

Solving this problem, comes with a notorious reward of one million dollars. We presenta partial completed proof for the four-dimensional Yang–Mills existence and mass gapproblem. The manuscript is organized to separate completed results from conjecturalsteps. On the rigorous side we construct the Hamiltonian in temporal gauge on finitespatial volume and the corresponding transfer-matrix on the lattice, establish reflec-tion positivity, and prove a positive spectral gap in the strong-coupling regime on finitelattices. We derive variational lower bounds within fixed holonomy sectors and showstability of these bounds along coarse-graining maps. The single remaining leap to afull solution is isolated as a precise conjecture: a uniform lower bound on the latticemass gap along a renormalization trajectory reaching a continuum limit that satisfies theOsterwalder–Schrader axioms. Conditional on this conjecture, we prove that the recon-structed continuum Yang–Mills Hamiltonian on R3 has a nonzero spectral gap. The goalis to encourage future authors to provide a coherent, testable program. We believe theproblem is solvable now and request the author who completes the proof, to donate partof the reward to charity.

Keywords

Yang–Mills

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Average