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Other literature type . 2025
License: CC BY
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Project proposal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Project proposal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Gravitational Lensing Fringes: Discriminating Between General Relativity and Gravity by Electromagnetic Waves (Photons)

Authors: Yan, Max Gaofei;

Gravitational Lensing Fringes: Discriminating Between General Relativity and Gravity by Electromagnetic Waves (Photons)

Abstract

A newly proposed gravity theory suggests that, in addition to mass, electromagnetic (EM) waves—or photons—can generate gravitational forces. The theory introduces two governing equations: one describing gravity between photons, and another describing gravity between a photon and a massive object, with force proportional to photon frequency. This frequency dependence implies that light should bend differently depending on its wavelength when passing near a massive body, potentially producing a dispersion in strong gravitational lensing. In contrast, Einstein's general relativity predicts frequency-independent light bending, producing sharp-edged gravitationally lensed images even for broadband (white light) sources. Observationally, most gravitationally lensed images exhibit fringe-like edges, suggesting possible frequency/wavelength-dependent bending. Such optical phenomena, specifically gravitational lensing fringes, may serve as a discriminant between general relativity and electromagnetic gravity theories.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green