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Hipotiroidismo gestacional y su relación con el aborto espontáneo

Authors: Thalía Marilyn Solís Murillo; Rodrigo Alexander Romero Padilla; Lady Andreina Mero Moreira; Carolina Nicole Sánchez Sánchez; Daniela Alexandra Silva Chirao;

Hipotiroidismo gestacional y su relación con el aborto espontáneo

Abstract

El hipotiroidismo gestacional es una disfunción tiroidea caracterizada por el aumento de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSH, por sus siglas en inglés) y alteraciones en las hormonas tiroideas (T4 y T3). Esta condición puede tener consecuencias significativas en el embarazo. De modo que este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir el hipotiroidismo gestacional y su relación con el aborto espontáneo, abarcando definición, etiología, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Para esto, se realizó una revisión documental descriptiva a través de la consulta de artículos y estudios de bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Lilacs y Elsevier, publicados entre 2020 y 2024. Los hallazgos indican que el hipotiroidismo gestacional, ya sea clínico o subclínico, se asocia con un mayor riesgo de aborto espontáneo, especialmente en las primeras semanas de gestación. Los cambios hormonales del embarazo demandan una mayor actividad de la glándula tiroides; por ello, una respuesta inadecuada puede comprometer la viabilidad fetal. Este artículo sintetiza los aportes de la literatura existente sobre la relación entre el hipotiroidismo y las pérdidas gestacionales, destacando la importancia de un diagnóstico oportuno y del tratamiento con levotiroxina. Además, se describen los mecanismos fisiopatológicos y se brindan recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de estas pacientes. Se concluye aseverando que la detección temprana de la disfunción tiroidea en mujeres embarazadas es esencial para optimizar los desenlaces materno-fetales.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Social sciences (General), H1-99, Disfunción tiroidea, Embarazo, Hipotiroidismo gestacional, Aborto espontáneo, L, Education

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
bronze