This study examines the interconnectedness between agriculture, food security, and export diversification in Nigeria, highlighting the challenges and opportunities within these sectors. Nigeria's vast agricultural potential and diverse resources pose significant obstacles to sustainable development. The research examines existing policies, identifies key challenges, and proposes strategic interventions to enhance agricultural productivity, bolster food security, and diversify exports. Agriculture is a cornerstone of the economy, supporting millions of smallholder farmers. However, issues such as outdated practices, inadequate infrastructure, limited access to finance, and climate change vulnerability need more robust implementation and support. Food security is another pressing concern, with a significant portion of the population facing hunger and malnutrition. The study advocates for enhanced climate resilience, improved social safety nets, and strengthened healthcare and nutrition education. Export diversification is crucial for reducing Nigeria's economic dependence on oil, and policy reforms are needed to simplify export procedures, enhance market access, and improve quality standards. Keywords: Agriculture, Food Security, Export Diversification, Sustainable Development, Climate-Smart Agriculture, Climate Change.