This dataset offers a collection of light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of Vero E6 cell cultures , primarily aimed at researchers in biology and artificial intelligence. The data facilitates the study of how subtle variations in culture conditions impact cell morphology and can be used for training AI models in bioimage analysis. The experiment consisted of two main stages: Preparation Stage: Vero E6 cells (ATCC-CRL-1586) were thawed and passaged until healthy. Experiment Stage: Cell cultures were split into two distinct paths, differing only by the concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the growth medium (Medium 1 with 10% FBS vs. Medium 2 with 2% FBS). Light microscope images were captured daily throughout both the preparation and experiment stages. Images were obtained using an EVOS FL microscope with Bright Field or Phase illumination and 10x or 20x objectives. TEM images were acquired from one sample per path at the conclusion of the experimental stage, using a Tecnai G2 Spirit BioTWIN microscope. A comprehensive procedure description document is included with this dataset, providing full details on materials, methods, equipment specifications, and subculturing procedures.