The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 represents a comprehensive reform aimed at overhauling India's educational framework to align with global standards and the demands of the 21st century. This paper critically examines the NEP 2020, exploring its historical context, key features, potential challenges, and implications for the future of education in India. While the policy introduces progressive changes, its successful implementation faces significant hurdles, including infrastructural deficits, financial constraints, and the need for a paradigm shift in educational practices.