ABSTRACT: The rise of smart farming technologies, driven by IoT, AI, and big data analytics, has revolutionized modern agriculture. However, this digital transformation also introduces a range of cybersecurity threats that can disrupt operations, compromise data integrity, and endanger food security. This chapter explores the critical aspects of agricultural cybersecurity, outlining the threats, challenges, and strategies for safeguarding smart farms. Current literature, case studies, and emerging trends are extensively analyzed to provide a robust understanding of the cybersecurity landscape in agriculture. KEYWORDS: Agriculture, AI, Cloud computing, Digital, Environment, IoT, Cyber security, Smart farming, Transformation.