Translation studies today represent a comprehensive theoretical discipline interconnected with linguistics, literary studies, cultural studies, psycholinguistics, and philosophy. The discipline not only focuses on linguistic equivalence but also explores semantic, aesthetic, and cultural layers within texts. These aspects are central to the emergence of the "cultural translation" theory, which transcends simple language transfer by emphasizing cultural and contextual transformation. This article aims to explore the development of the cultural translation paradigm as a transformative shift in translation theory. It analyzes foundational works by scholars such as Homi Bhabha, Susan Bassnett, Gayatri Spivak, Toshihiko Izutsu, and Boaventura de Sousa Santos, while also engaging with regional perspectives. The study provides insights into the philosophical, ideological, and methodological implications of cultural translation, particularly in translating Sufi texts and spiritually rich content.