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ZENODO
Journal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Journal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Journal . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Pensamiento crítico en la educación contemporánea: una revisión sistemática desde la práctica docente y la formación pedagógica

Authors: Pinedo Vega, Víctor Mauro;

Pensamiento crítico en la educación contemporánea: una revisión sistemática desde la práctica docente y la formación pedagógica

Abstract

Resumen El pensamiento crítico se ha consolidado como una competencia esencial para responder a los desafíos de la educación en el siglo XXI. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar sistemáticamente la producción científica reciente sobre el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en contextos educativos. A través de una revisión sistemática cualitativa, basada en el protocolo PRISMA 2020, se seleccionaron 25 estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2025 en bases de datos como Scopus, SciELO, repositorios institucionales y otras fuentes indexadas. La síntesis temática permitió identificar tres ejes recurrentes: estrategias pedagógicas empleadas, procesos de formación docente y habilidades específicas asociadas al pensamiento crítico. Los resultados evidencian que la aplicación de metodologías activas, el fortalecimiento de la formación inicial y continua del profesorado, y la promoción de competencias cognitivas complejas constituyen factores clave para su integración efectiva. No obstante, se detecta una débil institucionalización de estas prácticas en los sistemas educativos. Se concluye que el pensamiento crítico debe trascender su dimensión teórica para convertirse en una práctica pedagógica estructural, acompañada de políticas educativas coherentes y una formación docente transformadora. Este estudio aporta una visión integradora sobre el estado actual del pensamiento crítico en la educación latinoamericana y sugiere líneas de acción para su fortalecimiento.

Abstract Critical thinking has established itself as an essential skill for responding to the challenges of education in the 21st century. The aim of this study was to systematically analyze recent scientific output on the development of critical thinking in educational contexts. Through a qualitative systematic review, based on the PRISMA 2020 protocol, 25 studies published between 2020 and 2025 were selected from databases such as Scopus, SciELO, institutional repositories, and other indexed sources. The thematic synthesis identified three recurring themes: pedagogical strategies employed, teacher training processes, and specific skills associated with critical thinking. The results show that the application of active methodologies, the strengthening of initial and continuing teacher training, and the promotion of complex cognitive skills are key factors for its effective integration. However, there is weak institutionalization of these practices in education systems. It is concluded that critical thinking must transcend its theoretical dimension to become a structural pedagogical practice, accompanied by coherent educational policies and transformative teacher training. This study provides an integrated view of the current state of critical thinking in Latin American education and suggests lines of action for its strengthening.

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Keywords

formación docente, pensamiento crítico, formación docente, estrategias pedagógicas., estrategias pedagógicas, pensamiento crítico, critical thinking, teacher training, teaching strategies

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green